With the rapid iteration of ultra-intense femtosecond laser technology, laser intensities have entered the relativistic regime (>10¹⁸ W/cm²). Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, cov teeb meem yog ionized rau hauv cov ntshav, thiab cov hluav taws xob hnyav heev tuaj yeem ncaj qha los ntawm lub laser hluav taws xob teb- txheej txheem hu ua Direct Laser Acceleration (DLA). Cov txheej txheem no ua lub hauv paus tseem ceeb rau ntau thaj chaw pem hauv ntej, suav nrog cov khoom siv nrawm nrawm, siab - lub zog hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, thiab kev tshawb fawb thib ob.
Txawm li cas los xij, ib txwm siv DLA thev naus laus zis tau ntev dhau los ntawm qhov kev sib tw tseem ceeb: nws feem ntau tso siab rau lub sijhawm ntev ntawm kev xav ntawm Gaussian lasers rau kev tsav tsheb. Txawm li cas los xij, lub transverse ponderomotive quab yuam ntawm Gaussian laser nthuav tawm Gaussian tis, uas inevitably thawb electrons sab nraud. Qhov no cuam tshuam qhov ruaj khov electron acceleration thiab tau dhau los ua qhov teeb meem "bottleneck" hauv daim teb.
Txhawm rau kov yeej qhov kev sib tw no, SIOM pab pawg tshawb fawb tshiab tau nthuav dav cov qauv laser ua haujlwm rau hauv kev sim ua kom nrawm nrawm. Lawv siv qhov tshwj xeeb hollow siv tis thiab intrinsic orbital angular momentum ntawm Laguerre -Gaussian (LG) lasers kom meej manipulate electrons. Cov txiaj ntsig kev sim qhia tau hais tias sab laug- xa mus ncig lub voj voog polarized LG lasers muaj qhov tshwj xeeb longitudinal hluav taws xob teb ntawm qhov chaw kho qhov muag. Ua ke nrog cov nyhuv transverse focusing, qhov no ua tiav ua tiav "nqus npuas" acceleration qauv. Cov qauv no zoo ib yam li cov plasma npuas nyob rau hauv classical wakefield acceleration, muab ib tug zoo tagnrho ib puag ncig rau ruaj khov thiab muaj zog electron acceleration.
Qhov kev ua tiav no tsis yog tsuas yog ua rau qhov sib txawv hauv kev sim tshuaj ntsuam xyuas ntawm LG laser relativistic -tsav DLA tab sis kuj tseem txhim kho qhov ruaj khov thiab sib tsoo ntawm cov nqaj hluav taws xob. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub acceleration gradient nyob rau hauv lub LG laser teb yog ncaj qha proportional rau lub laser siv thiab yog ywj siab ntawm lub tom ntej no complex plasma ib puag ncig. Cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb no qhib txoj hauv kev tshiab rau kev tsim micrometer- nplai compact acceleration structures, muaj peev xwm tig lub tswv yim ntawm "compact accelerators" rau hauv qhov tseeb. Nrog rau kev ua kom zoo dua ntxiv rau yav tom ntej, cov thev naus laus zis no yuav tsum tau siv dav hauv ultrafast physics, cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb, thiab cov duab kho mob, ua rau kev txhim kho leapfrog thoob plaws ntau yam kev qhuab qhia.
