Cov kws tshawb fawb tau ua haujlwm ntev ntev los nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv tshiab uas zoo dua ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev kub ceev, tab sis nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau kev sib txuas cov ntsiab lus microscopic ntawm kev cog lus cov ntaub ntawv tshiab rau lawv tus cwj pwm tiag tiag hauv ntiaj teb tiag.
Txhawm rau daws qhov teeb meem no, cov kws tshawb fawb ntawm National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) tau tsim ib txoj hauv kev tshiab uas siv laser-emitted projectiles thiab cov ntaub ntawv los pab kwv yees cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab kev coj tus cwj pwm ntawm cov khoom siv, raws li qhia hauv ACS Applied Materials. & Interfaces tsab xov xwm. Qhov no yog ua los ntawm kev siv lub siab siv laser los tua micro-projectiles ntawm qhov nrawm ze rau qhov ceev ntawm lub suab ntawm cov khoom siv, uas nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog ib tug polymer zaj duab xis sawv cev rau cov khoom puncture-resistant mus kuaj.
Lub zog sib pauv ntawm cov khoom siv thiab cov khoom siv kuaj tau raug tshuaj xyuas ntawm qib microscopic, thiab tom qab ntawd cov txheej txheem ntsuas yog siv los kwv yees cov khoom tiv thaiv rau kev sib tsoo los ntawm qhov loj dua, lub zog loj, xws li cov mos txwv. Ib yam li ntawd, kev sib koom ua ke nrog kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas thiab ntsuas cov txheej txheem tso cai rau cov kws tshawb fawb los tshawb pom cov ntaub ntawv tshiab-resistant. Txoj haujlwm tshiab no txo qis qhov xav tau ntawm kev sim ua kom ntev ntev uas siv cov phiaj xwm loj dua thiab cov qauv loj dua.
NIST chemist Katherine Evans piav qhia, "Thaum koj tab tom tshawb xyuas cov khoom tshiab rau daim ntawv thov kev tiv thaiv, nrog rau peb txoj hauv kev tshiab peb tuaj yeem kawm ua ntej seb nws cov khoom tiv thaiv puas tsim nyog tshawb xyuas."
Synthesizing me me ntawm cov polymer tshiab tuaj yeem ua tau raws li niaj hnub hauv kev sim sim; qhov kev sib tw yog scaling li kom muaj nuj nqis los ntsuam xyuas nws puncture kuj - cov ntaub ntawv uas yog tsim los ntawm tshiab hluavtaws polymers, scaling mus rau ib tug txaus kom muaj nuj nqis yog feem ntau tsis yooj yim sua los yog impractical.
Qhov teeb meem nrog kev sim ballistic yog tias muaj ob kauj ruam uas koj yuav tsum tau ua thaum ua cov khoom tshiab, "hais tias Christopher Soles, tus kws tshawb fawb cov ntaub ntawv ntawm NIST. Nws nce mus txog qib kilogram, qhov ua tau zoo ntawm txoj haujlwm no yog qhov peb xav tsis thoob tias qhov kev sim microballistic tuaj yeem ntsuas thiab txuas mus rau lub ntiaj teb tiag tiag, kev ntsuas loj. "
Thaum lub sijhawm kawm, cov kws tshawb fawb tau soj ntsuam ntau cov ntaub ntawv siv lawv cov txheej txheem, suav nrog cov qauv ntawm cov iav siv dav dav, cov nanocomposites tshiab, thiab cov ntaub ntawv graphene.
Txoj kev kuaj no yog hu ua LIPIT, uas sawv cev rau "laser-induced projectile impact testing. Nws siv lub laser tua hluav taws xob microprojectiles ua los ntawm silica los yog iav rau hauv nyias zaj duab xis ntawm cov khoom txaus siab. Los ntawm laser ablation, lub laser generates lub siab-siab nthwv dej uas thawb cov khoom siv rau hauv cov qauv.
Cov kws tshawb fawb thawj zaug siv txoj hauv kev los tshuaj xyuas ib hom nanocomposite hu ua polymer-grafted nanoparticle polymethacrylate (npPMA) puas. Nws muaj cov silica nanoparticles uas tuaj yeem siv rau ntau yam kev siv, suav nrog cov tsho tiv thaiv mos txwv. Lasers thawb lub micro-bombs mus rau lub hom phiaj cov khoom ntawm speeds ntawm 100 mus rau 400 meters ib ob, thiab ib tug yees duab yees siv los ntsuas lawv tej yam.
Cov kws tshawb fawb tau ua ke cov kev ntsuas tau txais ntawm npPMA nrog kev ntsuas lej ntxiv, nrog rau cov ntaub ntawv uas twb muaj lawm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb, txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov txiaj ntsig ntawm micro-bomb tests rau cov kev cuam tshuam loj dua. Txij li npPMA yog cov khoom siv tshiab uas tsis yooj yim tsim, lawv tau nthuav dav lawv cov kev soj ntsuam kom suav nrog cov khoom siv ntau dua (polycarbonate), uas tau siv dav los ua cov iav mos mos.
Siv kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tau txais txiaj ntsig, kev tsom xam qhov ntev, thiab LIPIT cov txheej txheem, cov kws tshawb fawb tau tuaj yeem ua pov thawj tias cov khoom siv puncture tsis kam cuam tshuam nrog qhov siab tshaj plaws uas cov khoom tuaj yeem tiv taus ua ntej tawg (piv txwv li, kev ntxhov siab tsis ua haujlwm). Qhov no nyuaj rau kev nkag siab tam sim no ntawm kev ua tau zoo ballistic, uas feem ntau xav tias yuav cuam tshuam li cas lub zog nthwv dej dhau los ntawm cov khoom siv.
Lawv txoj kev tshiab tso cai rau lawv los txiav txim siab lub zog txwv ntawm cov khoom siv, lossis ntau npaum li cas kev ntxhov siab thiab lub zog nws tuaj yeem tiv taus, tsis tas yuav ntsuas ncaj qha rau cov khoom no ua ntej, uas pab txhim kho cov khoom siv twg los xaiv hauv kev sim. Qhov no tau tso cai rau lawv tshawb nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv xws li graphene, uas qhia tias ntau cov txheej txheem nyias nyias ntawm cov khoom siv tuaj yeem siv rau cov ntawv thov cuam tshuam, zoo ib yam li cov khoom siv polymers.
Rau lawv cov kauj ruam tom ntej, cov kws tshawb fawb tau npaj los soj ntsuam cov khoom ballistic ntawm lwm cov ntaub ntawv tshiab thiab tshawb xyuas ntau hom thiab teeb tsa. Lawv kuj tseem yuav sib txawv qhov loj ntawm microbullets thiab nthuav dav lawv qhov nrawm.
