Daim ntawv no tsom mus rau lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev kho mob ntawm kev siv tshuab laser, thiab los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm kev siv tswv yim thiab kev lag luam saw, peb yuav txheeb xyuas qhov xwm txheej tam sim no, yav tom ntej tiam sis thiab teeb meem ntawm kev txhim kho laser technology hauv kev kho mob, kuaj mob thiab industrialization hauv Tuam Tshoj.
01. Laser Therapy Technology
1. Kev kho mob siab laser
Kev kho mob siab laser siv cov nyhuv photothermal ntawm laser coagulate, vaporize los yog txiav cov ntaub so ntswg lom kom tshem tawm cov kab mob.
Nrog rau qhov zoo ntawm cov los ntshav tsawg, qhov tseeb qhov chaw, tsis sib cuag, aseptic, thiab tsis tshua muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov ntaub so ntswg ib puag ncig, kev kho mob laser tau siv dav hauv ntau lub tuam tsev xws li ophthalmology, dermatology, urology, gastroenterology, stomatology, thiab otorhinolaryngology.
Nrog rau kev txhim kho sai ntawm kev xav tau kev kho mob xws li ophthalmology thiab kev kho kom raug, nrog rau kev phais neeg hlau, cov lasers tshiab muaj zog xws li kev kho mob ultrafast lasers xav tias yuav dhau los ua kev lag luam loj dua thiab muab kev kho tshiab rau qee yam kab mob intractable. Kev txiav-ntug laser technologies sawv cev los ntawm ultrafast lasers (xws li picosecond lasers, femtosecond lasers) nrog ntau dua selectivity thiab ntau meej txiav tau maj mam pom muaj peev xwm rau daim ntawv thov nyob rau hauv kev kho mob daim ntaub ntawv thiab lub neej sciences. Femtosecond lasers tuaj yeem xa mus rau qhov chaw tsom mus rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg pob tshab yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam, nrog kev puas tsuaj rau cov ntaub so ntswg uas tsis tshua muaj siab thiab raug txiav siab. Femtosecond laser phais yog suav tias yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws kev kho mob ophthalmic kev kho mob vim nws qhov tseeb dua, kev nyab xeeb thiab ruaj khov piv rau cov txheej txheem kev kho mob thiab lwm cov txheej txheem laser.
2. Photodynamic kho
PDT yog ib qho kev kho mob me me tshiab rau cov qog tom qab phais, kws khomob thiab xov tooj cua. Nyob rau hauv PDT, ib tug series ntawm photophysical-tshuaj tshuaj tshwm sim tshwm sim thaum lub photosensitizer yog qhib los ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb wavelength ntawm laser lub teeb, tsim biotoxic reactive oxygen hom los tua cov hom phiaj cov ntaub so ntswg rau kev kho mob. Piv nrog rau cov kev kho mob ib txwm siv, PDT yog qhov kev xaiv zoo heev, tsis tshua muaj kev cuam tshuam, rov siv tau, tsis muaj zog, thiab muaj qhov zoo ntawm kev ua kom cov ntaub so ntswg thiab lub cev muaj zog.
Nrog rau kev tshawb fawb tas mus li ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua ntawm PDT, cov lus qhia ntawm PDT tau maj mam nthuav tawm los ntawm kev kho mob qog noj ntshav mus rau peb qhov chaw kho mob loj, suav nrog cov qog-targeted PDT, vascular-targeted PDT, thiab microbial-targeted PDT, uas muaj. Cov ntawv cog lus hauv cov qog nqaij hlav thiab cov kab mob precancerous, refractory microvascular lesions (xws li cov hnub nyoog ntsig txog fundus macular degeneration, erythema, gastric sinus vasodilation, thiab lwm yam), thiab refractory / resistant microbial kab mob. Nws muaj kev cia siab zoo rau daim ntawv thov nyob rau hauv daim teb ntawm refractory / resistant microbial kab mob.
3. Tsis muaj zog Laser kho
LLLT, tseem hu ua low-intensity laser therapy lossis photobiomodulation therapy, yog hais txog kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob los ntawm stimulating ib tug series ntawm physiological thiab biochemical cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv lub cev tsis ua rau irreversible kev puas tsuaj rau cov ntaub so ntswg lom, thiab los ntawm regulating, txhawb los yog inhibiting cov ntaub so ntswg. lub cev.
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm LLLT yog tias nws tsis cuam tshuam thiab tsis mob rau tus neeg mob, thiab nws lub zog ceev feem ntau yog nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm milliwatts. Txij li xyoo 1970, LLLT tau siv dav hauv kev kho mob hauv Eastern Europe, Soviet Union thiab Tuam Tshoj. Nrog rau kev txhim kho ntawm semiconductor lasers, ntau lub wavelengths, nrog rau lub teeb liab thiab ze-infrared, tau siv los ua LLLT qhov chaw kho mob rau ntau tshaj 300 kab mob hauv cov chaw kho mob xws li tshuaj, phais, gynecology, pediatrics, ophthalmology, otology, stomatology, thiab lwm yam. Lawv muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev txhawb nqa qhov txhab zoo, kho qhov mob, txo qhov mob, txo cov ntaub so ntswg, thiab txo cov leeg nqaij.
02. laser xyuas tshuab
Kev tshuaj xyuas cov thev naus laus zis raws li lub teeb-emitting diode (LED) cov teeb pom kev zoo tau tshwm sim vim lawv lub peev xwm los saib xyuas cov cim tseem ceeb ntawm lub cev xws li ntshav qabzib thiab ntshav oxygen. Piv nrog rau cov teeb pom kev zoo ntawm LED, cov teeb pom kev zoo laser muaj cov yam ntxwv kho qhov muag zoo dua thiab muab cov cuab yeej tshiab uas tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj thiab raug saib xyuas: minimally invasive lossis non-invasive xyuas, siab rhiab heev, kev xaiv siab thiab kev ruaj ntseg ntev, txhim kho qhov tseeb ntawm kev kho mob. saib xyuas cov txiaj ntsig.
Nrog rau kev hloov kho hom kev kho mob, "kev kho mob hauv tsev kho mob ntxiv rau kev saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv hauv tsev" hom yuav yog txoj kev txhim kho, thiab cov cuab yeej siv laser xyuas meej tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev txhim kho cov khoom siv tshuaj xyuas. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev soj ntsuam xyuas kev noj qab haus huv ntawm laser, laser soj ntsuam tshuab raws li cov pa roj pa, tso zis thiab ntshav yog lub hom phiaj ntawm kev txhim kho yav tom ntej.
Hauv cheeb tsam ntawm miniaturized laser saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv
(1) Kev loj hlob ntawm portable laser xyuas tshuab, miniaturization thiab kev koom ua ke ntawm laser xyuas system, xws li portable ntshav qabzib thiab ntshav siab detector;
② Tsim cov cuab yeej siv hluav taws xob saib xyuas lub teeb pom kev zoo, thiab tsim cov khoom siv laser xyuas kom haum rau tib neeg hnav, xws li hnav lub ntsej muag ntse laser saib xyuas;
③ Tsim endoscopic laser soj ntsuam thev naus laus zis, sib txuas cov thev naus laus zis thev naus laus zis rau molecular, cellular thiab cov ntaub so ntswg kuaj pom nrog cov thev naus laus zis endoscopic tam sim no rau lub sijhawm saib xyuas hauv vivo cov ntaub so ntswg.
Nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam ntawm ntse laser saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv
(1) Txhim kho laser saib xyuas kev ua haujlwm raws li cov ntaub ntawv loj, thiab cov cuab yeej txawj ntse txawj ntse yuav dhau los ua cov cuab yeej muaj zog rau kev ua haujlwm thiab kev soj ntsuam ntawm biomedical cov ntaub ntawv loj;
② Rau cov kev xav tau kev kuaj mob dynamic, txhim kho lub teeb laser nrog me me, lub teeb yuag, tsis tshua muaj hluav taws xob thiab lub zog siv, thiab txhim kho lub cev ntsuas ntawm cov lasers kuaj thiab cov cuab yeej ua kom tau raws li cov neeg siv khoom xav tau;
③ Kev txhim kho yav tom ntej ntawm txoj kev kho laser nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm implantation, tshawb txog biocompatibility thiab degradability ntawm lasers tshiab xws li micro thiab nano lasers.
03. Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm Tuam Tshoj txoj kev kho mob laser kev lag luam
- Tuam Tshoj txoj kev lag luam kho mob laser yog dominated los ntawm cov lag luam me thiab nruab nrab, thiab tau dhau los ua lag luam ntau dua rau kev tsim kho tshiab thiab kev lag luam.
- Tuam Tshoj txoj kev lag luam kho mob laser tau hloov pauv los ntawm kev muag khoom hauv tsev mus rau kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tau tsav los ntawm "Ib Txoj Kev Siv, Ib Txoj Kev" kev pib, ntau thiab ntau cov khoom siv kho mob hauv tsev tau txais US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), European kev sib haum xeeb (CE. ) kev tsim nyog kho mob, thiab kev faib tawm ntawm kev xa tawm tsis tu ncua.
- Nrog rau kev siv ntawm Tuam Tshoj tus neeg sau npe system, ntawv pov thawj thiab kev tsim khoom, kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tsim kho thiab kev tsim khoom yog maj mam sib cais, thiab kev tsim khoom thib peb tau dhau los ua qhov kev txhim kho, uas yuav tsim cov kev lag luam loj hauv cov cheeb tsam uas muaj kev lag luam laser kev kho mob yav tom ntej. .
- Raws li Tuam Tshoj txoj kev kho mob tau nce mus ntxiv, cov neeg nyob hauv kev noj zaub mov hloov pauv thiab lub neej zoo dua qub, kev lag luam kho mob hauv tsev muaj kev xav tau ntau dua rau cov khoom siv kho mob laser zoo.
- 04. teeb meem ntsib kev kho mob daim ntawv thov ntawm laser tshuab hauv Suav teb
- Tsis muaj kev qhuab qhia theem nrab ntawm cov tshuaj laser. Txawm hais tias cov tshuaj laser muaj ntau yam ntxwv xws li cov cuab yeej muaj zog, kev nkag siab zoo, kev dav dav thiab kev siv tshuaj kho mob thoob ntiaj teb, qhov tsis muaj kev qhuab qhia meej meej tau tiv thaiv kev tsim cov kev qhuab qhia theem nrab uas cuam tshuam rau cov tshuaj laser hauv Tuam Tshoj txoj kev kawm, uas ua rau tsis muaj kev qhuab qhia. kev txawj ntse thiab lagging kev loj hlob ntawm kev qhuab qhia.
- Lub concentration ntawm kev lag luam tsis siab. Tam sim no, muaj txog 200 laser kho mob cov tuam txhab lag luam hauv Suav teb, feem ntau yog cov tuam txhab lag luam me thiab nruab nrab; tshwj tsis yog rau ob peb lub tuam txhab tshiab Thib Peb, tsis muaj lub tuam txhab tseem ceeb hauv npe; cov tuam txhab lag luam feem ntau tsuas yog ua haujlwm ib mus rau ob yam ntawm cov khoom siv kho mob laser, thiab cov concentration ntawm ntau lawm yog tsawg.
- Cov qauv kev lag luam tsis tsim nyog. Cov khoom siv kho mob laser hauv tsev yog concentrated nyob rau hauv nruab nrab thiab qis kawg ntawm cov nqi saw, thiab muaj cov ntsiab lus siv tshuab tsawg heev thiab cov khoom muaj nqis ntxiv, thiab qhov tshwm sim ntawm nyias cov txiaj ntsig vim homogenization thiab cov khoom me me ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb; ntau lub lag luam nyob rau hauv theem ntawm kev sib nrig sib imitation, tsis muaj peev xwm thiab txaus siab ntawm thawj innovation thiab ywj siab innovation.
- "Industry-university-search" kev sib xyaw ua ke tsis tau dhau los ua qhov ntsuas. Laser kev kho mob kev lag luam cov kev pab cuam tsis tau tag nrho ua ke nrog cov kev txawj ntse muaj zog thiab cov chaw kho mob nplua nuj, thiab lub cev tseem ceeb ntawm kev lag luam hauv kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm "kev lag luam-tsev kawm ntawv-kev tshawb fawb" yog pom tseeb ploj lawm, ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab kev lag luam, thiab qhov zoo. ntawm cov peev txheej uas twb muaj lawm yog qhov nyuaj rau kev cuam tshuam ntawm qib kev lag luam.
- Lub voj voog kev lag luam ntawm cov khoom siv kho mob laser hauv tsev yog ntev dhau lawm. Tuam Tshoj txoj kev lag luam kho mob lub voj voog yog 3 ~ 5 xyoos nyob rau nruab nrab, thaum lub sij hawm kev lag luam khoom siv kho mob hauv Tebchaws Meskas, European Union thiab lwm lub tebchaws thiab cheeb tsam tsim kho feem ntau tsuas yog 1 ~ 2 xyoos.
05. Cov lus qhia rau kev tawm tsam
- Teeb tsa kev qhuab qhia theem nrab ntawm "laser tshuaj
Nrog rau kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov tshuaj laser 019 Tuam Tshoj Engineering Science 2020 Vol. 22 No. 3 nrog cov tshuaj kho mob, hom kev cob qhia cov txuj ci tam sim no hauv cov tsev kawm kho mob tsis tuaj yeem ua raws li lub teb chaws xav tau rau cov kws tshaj lij hauv cov tshuaj laser. Nws tau thov kom teeb tsa qib thib ob ntawm kev qhuab qhia ntawm "laser tshuaj" raws li thawj theem kev qhuab qhia ntawm cov tshuaj kho mob, thiab tsim kom muaj kev kawm tiav qib bachelor's degree - master's degree - doctoral degree, uas yog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los txhawb kev kawm. cross-fertilization ntawm "kev kho mob thiab kev lag luam" thiab xyuas kom lub sij hawm ntev kev loj hlob ntawm laser tshuaj nyob rau hauv Tuam Tshoj, Qhov no yog ib qho tseem ceeb kev ntsuas los txhawb cross-fertilization ntawm "kev kho mob engineering" thiab xyuas kom meej lub sij hawm ntev kev loj hlob ntawm laser tshuaj nyob rau hauv Tuam Tshoj. .
- Kev tsim kho ntawm laser tshuaj science thiab technology innovation platform
Nrog rau cov tsev kho mob tseem ceeb thiab tshwj xeeb raws li cov kev txhawb nqa thiab cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov tsev kawm ntawv qib siab, cov koom haum tshawb fawb thiab cov tuam txhab thev naus laus zis, lub teb chaws qib laser kho mob txhais lus engineering tshawb fawb chaw yuav raug tsim. Lub chaw yuav txawv ntawm lub teb chaws lub chaw soj nstuam tseem ceeb ntawm photoelectricity, tab sis yuav raug kos los ntawm cov kev xav tau ntawm kev kho mob tiag tiag, sib sau ua ke cov kev tshawb fawb zoo hauv tsev, tsom mus rau kev sib raug zoo nrog cov lag luam los txhawb kev lag luam, tsom mus rau cov thev naus laus zis tseem ceeb koom nrog hauv kev kuaj mob laser. , laser kev kho mob thiab kev saib xyuas laser, thiab pab kev kho mob hloov pauv, ua qauv qhia thiab txhawb nqa kev kho laser hauv Suav teb.
- Txhawb nqa cov khoom siv kho mob laser ntsig txog kev lag luam
Rau cov chaw ua haujlwm kho mob laser thiab cov chaw tsim khoom thib peb rau cov khoom siv kho mob laser, peb yuav muab txoj cai txhawb nqa hauv av, peev, se thiab cov txuj ci, thiab tswj kev txuas ntxiv mus; muab kev pabcuam nyiaj txiag thiab kev cai lij choj rau pej xeem los txhawb kev tsim kho kev lag luam, thiab txhawb kev sib koom thiab siv cov peev txheej ntawm pej xeem zoo.
