Ib Lub Laser Thib Ob: Rau Kev Yees Duab Hluav Taws Xob

Ib yam li peb siv lub teeb los saib xyuas lub ntiaj teb macroscopic nyob ib puag ncig peb, peb tuaj yeem siv lub teeb los soj ntsuam lub ntiaj teb subatomic. Tab sis ib lub hauv paus ntsiab lus yuav tsum tau ua raws: txhua qhov kev ntsuas yuav tsum tau nrawm dua li lub sijhawm xav tau rau lub kaw lus hauv kev kawm kom hloov pauv loj, txwv tsis pub tsuas yog cov txiaj ntsig tsis meej.
Nyob rau hauv ib lub molecule, atoms txav ntawm femtosecond (trillionth ntawm ib thib ob, 10^-15 vib nas this) lub sij hawm teev, lawv txoj hauj lwm thiab lub zog hloov nyob rau hauv ib mus rau ob peb puas attoseconds, thiab ntsuas lawv cov lus tsa suab, femtosecond technology "ua tau tsis pab.
Ib qho attosecond luv npaum li cas? 1 attosecond yog 10^-18 vib nas this, uas yog ib billionth ntawm ib billionth ntawm ib thib ob. 1 attosecond yog sib npaug rau 1 thib ob ntawm lub hnub nyoog ntawm lub ntiaj teb (13.8 billion xyoo). Lub teeb ntawm lub teeb taug kev los ntawm ib sab ntawm chav tsev mus rau sab nraud phab ntsa siv 10 billion arcseconds.
"Lub neej tiag" ntawm attosecond mem tes
Yuav ua li cas koj thiaj li tau txais lub teeb mem tes mus rau qhov ntsuas attosecond? Raws li txoj cai, luv luv lub teeb pulses tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm kev sib txuas luv-wavelength laser pulses ntawm ntau lub wavelengths.
Wei Zhiyi, tus kws tshawb fawb ntawm lub koom haum ntawm Physics ntawm Suav Academy ntawm Sciences, piav qhia rau Science thiab Technology Daily reporter: "Yuav kom tsim cov wavelengths tshiab tsis tsuas yog xav tau ib tug femtosecond laser tsav, tab sis kuj yuav tsum tau tsom rau cov roj, los ntawm. kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm lub teeb thiab roj atoms los tsim cov kev sib haum xeeb siab, siab harmonics yog lub voj voog nyob rau hauv lub laser tsav, tiam ntawm ob lub voj voog ntawm nthwv dej. "
Xyoo 1987, Lhuillier thiab cov npoj yaig tau tsom mus rau lub teeb laser infrared mus rau cov roj inert thiab pom tias cov harmonics tsim muaj ntau thiab muaj zog dua li cov yav tas los ua nrog luv- wavelength laser drives, thiab ntau ntawm cov harmonics pom muaj zoo sib xws lub teeb siv.
Cov kev tshawb fawb ntxiv tau pom tias, nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej zoo, cov kev sib raug zoo sib tshooj los tsim cov laser pulses nyob rau hauv ultraviolet band, txhua tus tsuas yog ob peb puas attoseconds ntev.
Xyoo 2001, Agostini thiab nws cov npoj yaig hauv Fabkis tau ua tiav hauv kev tsim cov tsheb ciav hlau mem tes ntev txog 250 arsec. Ferenc Krauss thiab nws cov neeg koom tes hauv Austria tau mus rau lwm txoj hauv kev, cais tib lub teeb pom kev sib cais ntev li 650 arcseconds thiab siv lawv los taug qab thiab kawm cov txheej txheem ntawm "rub" electrons tawm ntawm atoms.
"Nws yog kev ua haujlwm ntawm peb tus kws tshawb fawb no, sawv cev los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb rau ntau tshaj kaum xyoo, los ntawm kev txawj ntse thiab kev siv zog tsis tu ncua, yog li kev tshawb fawb ultrafast mus rau lub sijhawm ntawm attoseconds." Wei Zhiyi hais.
Kev cog lus hauv ntau qhov chaw, "qhia koj cov txuj ci"
Ib tug me me hummingbird tuaj yeem tuav nws tis 80 zaug hauv ib ob, nrog tib neeg lub qhov muag tsis tuaj yeem pom, tab sis nrog lub koob yees duab siab ceev tuaj yeem ua rau hauv ib qho kev txiav txim siab.
"Lub teeb mem tes thib ob yog qhov tseeb ntawm txoj kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov khoom siv microscopic ntiaj teb ntawm 'lub koob yees duab siab ceev', tuaj yeem yog 'raging' ntawm electron framed rau kev soj ntsuam." Wei Zhiyi tau hais tias cia siab tias, "Kev kawm thiab nkag siab cov hluav taws xob ntawm lub sijhawm luv luv (ntawm attoseconds) yuav tsum pab txhawb kev txhim kho sai ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ultrafast, uas yuav muaj ib hnub yuav ua rau muaj zog ntau dua hauv computer chips. raws li lawv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab siv rau kev kuaj mob sai thiab raug. "
Raws li Wei Zhiyi, tam sim no, ntxiv rau cov pab pawg tshawb fawb saum toj no thoob ntiaj teb, ntau pab pawg tshawb fawb hauv Tebchaws Meskas, Canada, Ltalis, Switzerland, Nyiv, Kaus Lim Qab Teb thiab lwm lub tebchaws kuj tau ua cov kev tshawb fawb txog tiam neeg. attosecond pulses thiab lawv cov ntawv thov hauv ntau yam xws li physics, chemistry thiab biology.
"Piv txwv li, Prof. Chang Zenghu pab neeg ntawm University of Central Florida hauv Tebchaws Meskas tau teeb tsa lub ntiaj teb cov ntaub ntawv rau qhov luv tshaj attosecond mem tes ob zaug, hauv 2012 thiab 2017, thiab 43- attosecond mem tes tsim los ntawm Swiss Federal Institute Kev siv thev naus laus zis hauv xyoo 2017 tau tuav lub ntiaj teb cov ntaub ntawv tam sim no rau qhov luv tshaj plaws, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, EU tau tsim lub Chaw Teeb Pom Kev Zoo (ELI-ALPS) hauv Hungary, nrog attosecond lasers ua lub ntsiab tivthaiv, muab cov kws tshawb fawb hauv ntau qhov chaw rau ua kev tshawb fawb attosecond scientific. " Wei Zhiyi suav cov txiaj ntsig hauv thaj teb ntawm attosecond.
Kev tshawb fawb ntawm attosecond light pulses kuj tau nthuav dav dav los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb Suav. Lub koom haum ntawm Physics ntawm Suav Academy ntawm Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Optical Mechanics, Xi'an lub koom haum ntawm Optical Mechanics, Peking University, East China Normal University, National University of Defense Technology, Huazhong University of Science thiab Technology thiab lwm yam units yog nqa. tawm kev tshawb fawb hauv thaj tsam ntawm attosecond science. Xyoo 2013, Wei Zhiyi pab pawg thawj zaug hauv Suav teb los tsim thiab ntsuas qhov sib txawv attosecond mem tes ntawm 160 attoseconds, thiab tam sim no txuas ntxiv txhim kho rau luv luv pulse widths, muaj zog dua, thiab ntau dua repetition zaus, uas yuav muab lub sijhawm rau cov kws tshawb fawb Suav. los tsim lawv tus kheej attosecond lasers. Ua ke nrog cov khoom siv davhlau ya nyob twg, nws muab lub thoob ntiaj teb ua platform thiab chaw rau kev tshawb fawb ntawm attosecond laser nyob rau hauv thaj chaw ntawm condensed teeb meem physics, atomic thiab molecular physics, chemistry, biomedicine, cov ntaub ntawv thiab lub zog.