"Bosch tau tso tseg txoj kev txhim kho ntawm tus kheej tsav LiDAR." Kuv paub tseeb tias koj txhua tus paub txog cov xov xwm uas German ntawv xov xwm Handelsblatt nyuam qhuav tawg.
Bosch tso tseg LiDAR, vim tias nws tau nqis peev ntau rau hauv kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tsim kho ntawm MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical-System, micro-electromechanical systems) technology complexity and long development time. Tus cev lus rau lub tuam txhab tau lees paub tias "xav txog qhov nyuaj ntawm kev siv thev naus laus zis thiab lub sijhawm ua lag luam, Bosch tau txiav txim siab tsis ntev los no tsis txhob nqis peev ntxiv cov peev txheej hauv kev txhim kho kho vajtse ntawm LiDAR sensor."
Txawm li cas los xij, ntau cov ntawv xov xwm hauv tebchaws tau tshaj tawm txog qhov teeb meem no, tab sis tsis tau hais tias, raws li lub ntiaj teb tsheb millimeter yoj radar "ABCD" yog ib qho ntawm plaub loj loj, Bosch txhais tes muaj "tsis txhob tso tseg" thev naus laus zis, uas yog, ua haujlwm hauv Tsis lees paub rau 77Ghz Band 4D Davhlau Radar Cov Ntaub Ntawv Qhov no yog qhov uas Bosch tiv thaiv hnyav.
Bosch kuj tau lees paub tias LiDAR tseem ceeb heev rau L3 qib kev tsav tsheb. Vim hais tias, txawm hais tias kev lag luam 4D millimeter yoj radar tau tawm, tab sis kuj tsis tuaj yeem "hloov" lub laser radar. Txawm li cas los xij, 4D millimeter yoj radar thaum kawg dab tsi tseem ceeb muaj peev xwm, tsim nyog Bosch xws li ib tug loj heev xav muab lub laser radar es tsis muab?
Tus "nyiam tshiab" yug hauv "lub ntsej muag"
Nws tsim nyog hais tias ua ntej no, lwm qhov chaw pib loj ZF kuj tau thim tawm ntawm LiDAR kev sib tw. ZF tau nqis peev txog 100 lab daus las los koom nrog Ibeo (LiDAR "tus thawj tswj hwm"), tab sis nrog kev poob lag luam ntawm Ibeo, ZF kuj tso LiDAR.
Hais txog kev lag luam tsheb, Tesla tseem ntxov heev kom tso LiDAR.
Txawm li cas los xij, thaum Lub Ob Hlis Ntuj xyoo no, Tesla tau xa mus rau European cov koom haum tswj hwm hauv daim ntawv thov hloov tsheb kom meej meej, kev tsim tawm tom ntej ntawm 4th tiam Autopilot kho vajtse HW4.0 tau ntxiv qhov kev daws teeb meem siab 4D millimeter yoj radar. Yav dhau los, Tesla tau tshem tawm cov millimeter yoj radar thiab ultrasonic radar, sim ua txhua yam hauv kev pom.
Qhov no "tawm lub ntsej muag" tshaj plaws, kev lag luam boiled, yog li koj muaj lub qhov muag loj kuj ua qhov no ah. Tom qab ntawd, 4D millimeter yoj radar dheev dhau los ua kev lag luam "kev nyiam tshiab". Raws li kev txheeb cais tsis tiav, muaj tsawg kawg yog ze li ntawm 20 lub lag luam hauv zos los tsim 4D millimeter yoj radar khoom.
Vim li cas? Yog vim li cas yog tias, piv nrog cov tsoos millimeter yoj radar, 4D radar vim qhov nce hauv qhov siab cov ntaub ntawv, tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas cov khoom zoo li qub, uas tseem hu ua lub peev xwm kom muaj "duab". Ntxiv rau tus nqi ntawm 1,000 yuan, piv rau feem ntau rau lossis xya txhiab daus las lossis txawm tias kaum tawm txhiab daus las ntawm LiDAR, hauv kev lag luam tsheb "ntim" mus rau qhov kawg, tus nqi kom zoo dua yog pom tseeb.
Thiab, piv rau LiDAR, 4D millimeter nthwv dej radar tau txais txiaj ntsig ntawm ib txwm millimeter nthwv dej radar tag nrho cov huab cua los tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam zoo, thiab tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm lub teeb, pa taws, plua plav, kub hnyiab, hmo ntuj, nag, daus thiab lwm qhov chaw tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ib txwm. , adaptability muaj zog.
Zoo li CICC ntseeg tias 4D duab radar tuaj yeem txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm millimeter-yoj radar hauv txhua yam, xav tias yuav ua rau millimeter-yoj radar los ua ib qho ntawm cov tub ntxhais sensors hauv ADAS system, yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev txhim kho yav tom ntej ntawm millimeter- yoj radar.
Qhov tseeb, 4D millimeter yoj radar tsis yog ib qho kev siv tshuab tshiab tsis paub. Thaum kawg ntawm 2018, txhawm rau sib tw nrog Infineon thiab NXP, ob lub tuam txhab loj, Texas Instruments TI tau muab lub tswv yim ntawm 4D duab millimeter yoj radar, thiab launched. tag nrho cov txheej txheem ntawm 4-chip cascade 4D millimeter nthwv dej radar tsim kev daws teeb meem raws li AWR2243 FMCW (Frequency-Modulated Continuous Wave) single-chip transceiver, uas sib txuas cov kav hlau txais xov uas yog qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws rau cov neeg tsim khoom radar.
Thaum Lub Peb Hlis 2020, Google's Waymo tau tso tawm lub thib tsib tiam ntawm kev tsav tsheb tsis siv neeg pom kev, millimeter-yoj radar hloov kho mus rau 4D duab radar, ua 4D millimeter-yoj radar thev naus laus zis thawj zaug siv rau lub tsheb kawg.
Thiab nyob rau hauv lub xyoo no CES hais lus, Intel's Mobileye CEO Amnon Shashua ntxiv hais txog 4D imaging millimeter yoj radar daim ntawv thov scenarios nyob rau hauv lub tsheb. Nws hais tias, "los ntawm 2025, tsuas yog nyob rau pem hauv ntej ntawm lub tsheb, lwm qhov chaw peb tsuas xav tau (4D) millimeter yoj radar, tsis xav LiDAR."
"Lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav dej sov ducks paub ua ntej", qhov tseeb, kev lag luam hauv tsev 4D millimeter yoj radar "ntim" tau pib ntev. Ntxiv mus, txij li ib nrab xyoo 2022, 4D millimeter nthwv dej radar kom nrawm nrawm ntawm "ntawm lub nkoj", cov qauv nqa tseem ceeb yog Feifan R7, Deep Blue SL03, Qhov Zoo Tshaj L7 thiab lwm yam. Thiab qee cov qauv yog ob lub laser radar, kuj xav tau 4D millimeter yoj radar.
Tau kawg, thaum ntxov Lub Kaum Hli 2021, ntau tshaj li ib nrab xyoo ua ntej, Bosch tau nyob hauv Shanghai thawj zaug los qhia txog lub cim thib tsib ntawm millimeter-wave radar Supreme Edition (raws li nws tau hu thaum lub sijhawm), nrog rau kev tshawb pom ntau tshaj plaws. Qhov deb ntawm 302 meters, kab rov tav ntawm qhov pom ntawm 120 degrees, thiab ntsug ntawm qhov pom ntawm 24 degrees.
Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, Bosch cov qub sib tw Continental, ZF, thiab Amberford tsis nyob twj ywm. Piv txwv li, Continental Group muaj lub ntiaj teb thawj 4D millimeter nthwv dej radar ARS540 muab tso rau hauv ntau lawm, ZF's 4D radar tau txais SAIC taag point. Kev lag luam hauv tsev thaum lub sijhawm, suav nrog Sensitech, Fritz Tektronix, rau kev nce qib ntawm kev tshawb fawb (CubTEK), Chuan ceev microwave thiab ntau lwm lub tuam txhab kuj tau nkag mus rau 4D khiav.
Los ntawm 2023, qhov kev sib tw yog dawb-kub, thiab ntau lub tuam txhab tau nqis peev hauv 4D millimeter yoj radar tshawb fawb thiab kev tsim kho thiab ntau lawm. Tsuas yog thaum Lub Yim Hli 15, Li Yifan, CEO thiab tus tsim ntawm WoSai Technology, kuj tau koom nrog thawj zaug kev pab nyiaj txiag ntawm Aoto Technology hauv nws tus kheej lub peev xwm.
Nws tau tshaj tawm tias Altos V1, Aotu thawj cov khoom lag luam nkag mus rau theem tsim khoom loj, tau ua tiav, "tam sim no lub ntiaj teb tsuas yog paub tab, tsis yog FPGA 4-chip cascade (12TX, 16RX) 4D duab radar khoom." Thiab, hauv kev ua tau zoo tsis muaj zog dua li kev lag luam loj loj ZF, Bosch, Continental thiab lwm yam khoom zoo sib xws, Altos V1 tus nqi tsuas yog 1/2 ntawm qhov qub lossis txawm tias qis dua.
Bosch tuaj yeem tso LiDAR, tab sis yuav tsis tso 4D millimeter yoj radar. Lub Yim Hli dhau los, Bosch thiab lub tuam txhab tshiab RF kav hlau txais xov thev naus laus zis los ntawm Sweden (GapWaves) tau txais kev pom zoo los koom ua ke tsim thiab tsim millimeter-wave radar kav hlau txais xov kom tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau muaj kev daws teeb meem hauv lub tsheb.
Yog li, tso dag hu ua "ABCD" (xws li, Autoliv, Bosch, Continetal, Dephi) cov neeg loj heev, nrog rau cov pib lag luam sab saum toj, tau nqis peev ntau, hnyav hauv qhov no, 4D millimeter-yoj radar, yav tom ntej ntawm yuav ua li cas, nws yog qhov pom tseeb. .
Tsis yog hmo ntuj
Tesla siv "lub ntsej muag" ntawm qhov tseeb tias txawm tias lub zeem muag tsis pom kev, tseem xav tau 4D millimeter yoj radar raws li qhov system redundancy. Tsis tas li ntawd, "multi-sensor fusion" raws li kev lag luam feem ntau lees paub tias yog kev tsav tsheb ntse, 4D duab radar yuav pom tseeb nyob hauv qhov chaw.
Txawm li cas los xij, qhov tseeb tseem ceeb yog tias 4D millimeter-yoj radar tsis tuaj yeem "hloov" LiDAR, uas yog nws cov txuj ci thiab LiDAR heterogeneity txiav txim siab. Tau kawg, qhov no tsis cuam tshuam rau 4D millimeter yoj radar bullish lag luam.
4D millimeter yoj radar cov txiaj ntsig peb tsis tau hais ntxiv, peb tsuas yog yuav tsum paub meej, 4D millimeter yoj yoj duab radar kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tsim kho thiab daim ntawv thov tsis yog ib qho thaum hmo ntuj, tseem muaj ntau yam teeb meem kev xav tau txuas ntxiv txhim kho thiab txhim kho. Los ntawm peb lub rooj, peb kuj tuaj yeem pom tias cov neeg uas muaj peev xwm tsim tau 4D millimeter yoj radar tseem yog cov neeg tsawg, thiab lawv feem ntau tseem nyob rau theem kev tshawb fawb thiab kev loj hlob.
Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, 4D radar xav tau ntau tshaj ib qho taw qhia nyob rau tib lub sijhawm kom ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau muaj ntawm cov xwm txheej ntawm cov tswv tsev cog, yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo dua qhov kev daws teeb meem nyob deb, kev daws teeb meem angular, kev daws teeb meem ceev, txhawm rau ua tiav qhov zoo dua. imaging effect, ib qho kev taw qhia ntawm lub hwj chim ntawm qhov kawg imaging tsis yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev, uas yog 4D millimeter-yoj radar neeg muag khoom, ua "qhov rooj qhov rooj zoo heev" tsis yog ib qho yooj yim.
Thib ob, muab kev ua si tag nrho rau txhua qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm 4D millimeter-yoj radar, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua nrog lub koob yees duab ua ntej fusion, tab sis, 4D millimeter-yoj radar, cov xov tooj ntawm cov xov tooj, cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb heev. , thiab lub zeem muag ua ntej fusion ntawm cov lej lej ntawm qhov siab dua, tab sis kuj muaj cov teeb meem algorithmic, thiab lub sensor sab ntawm tus lej lej tsis txaus, vim tias millimeter-yoj radar nti nco tau txwv.
Yog li ntawd, yog hais tias lub point huab ceev ntawm cov ntaub ntawv yog kuj siab, lub pre-fusion yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau hauv lub domain controller. Tab sis qhov no kuj muaj teeb meem, ntawm ib sab, cov ntaub ntawv siab tus nqi thiab cov ntaub ntawv compression ntawm 4D millimeter yoj radar yuav coj cov kev cov nyom rau lub centralized architecture, ntawm qhov tod tes, bandwidth thiab tus nqi ntawm cov teeb liab kis tau tus mob ntawm tus kav hlau txais xov thiab processor yuav. kuj cuam tshuam rau kev tshawb pom qhov tseeb.
Yog li ntawd, txhawm rau daws cov kev tsis sib haum xeeb no, 4D millimeter yoj radar cov neeg muag khoom yuav tsum muaj kev nkag siab tob txaus ntawm tus tswj hwm hauv nruab nrab, lossis nrog tus tswj hwm tus neeg muag khoom lossis cov neeg muag khoom nti sib sib zog nqus. Piv txwv li, Ambarella Semiconductor (Ambarella) tau txais Oculii Radar (Oculii), tau pib lub cim tshiab ntawm 4D duab radar. Tab sis peb paub tias cov thev naus laus zis tseem ceeb no tsawg kawg ob peb lub tuam txhab hauv tsev tuaj yeem tswj tau tam sim no.
Tsis tas li ntawd, lub qub fusion xav tau 4D millimeter yoj radar nrog lub koob yees duab los ua kev sib koom ua ke, tab sis kev sib koom ua ke yog qhov nyuaj. Tsis tas li ntawd, 4D millimeter yoj radar muaj cov ntaub ntawv nyob deb, thaum lub koob yees duab tsis. Ces yuav ua li cas nrog ob tug thaum lawv sib koom calibrated kuj yog ib qho teeb meem loj.
Ntxiv mus, qhov teeb meem ntawm cov xov tooj ntawm cov kav hlau txais xov thiab cov nti cascade kuj muaj cov ntsiab lus muaj zog. Piv txwv li, qee lub tuam txhab hauv tsev feem ntau xa mus rau cov qauv tsim qauv ntawm ABCD, thiab 4 nti cascade 12T16R (12 transmitter channels, 16 receiver channels) kav hlau txais xov array yog tias lawv tus kheej tsim los ntawm kos, tsuas yog tus nqi ntawm simulation thiab cov neeg rau zaub mov yuav tsum tau tsim muaj pib.
Lwm qhov teeb meem nrog 4D millimeter yoj radar yog EMC (kev sib raug zoo hauv hluav taws xob) nyuaj dhau. Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov no yog qhov yuav tsum tau xav txog yuav ua li cas kom tsis txhob cuam tshuam nrog lub ntiaj teb sab nraud (xws li cuam tshuam nrog cov khoom sab nraud ntawm lub tsheb nrog rau lub xov tooj cua hauv lub tsheb, thiab lwm yam) thiab yuav ua li cas tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam los ntawm lub ntiaj teb sab nraud. Txawm li cas los xij, cov teeb meem EMC yog qhov nyuaj rau kev kuaj pom hauv kev sim ua ntej thiab yuav tsum tau tshawb pom thaum lub sijhawm sim.
Piv rau LiDAR, 4D millimeter yoj radar yog suav tias yog tus nqi zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, piv nrog cov paub tab 3D millimeter yoj radar, nws qhov zoo dua tsis pom tseeb tam sim no. Yog li ntawd, 4D millimeter yoj radar tsuas tuaj yeem suav tias yog "sov-up", qee cov neeg sab hauv kev lag luam ntseeg tias nws yuav siv sijhawm 2-4 xyoo kom loj hlob.
Tau kawg, qee cov neeg muaj kev cia siab heev. Chu Hang Technology CEO Chu Wing Yan tau hais hauv kev xam phaj nrog xov xwm, "millimeter yoj radar yog lub tswv yim ntawm kev nkag siab ntawm tsheb, yog tib lub sensor nrog txhua lub huab cua sensing peev xwm. , lub kaum sab xis, kab rov tav kaum ntawm txhua yam, tam sim no 4D, yav tom ntej yuav ua 5D, 6D, 7D. "
Txawm li cas los xij, Chu Wing Yan kuj tau lees paub tias 4D millimeter yoj yoj duab radar ntau lawm tseem xav tau los daws qee qhov teeb meem, xws li kev sim. Qhov no suav nrog kev xav tau cov cuab yeej ntsuas kom txaus los kuaj seb lub radar puas ua tau raws li cov neeg siv khoom xav tau. Txawm li cas los xij, kev lag luam tam sim no tsis muaj kev sib koom ua ke kev ntsuas tus qauv thiab txhais tau tias.
5D, 6D, 7D lossis xijpeem tseem nyob deb, tab sis 4D millimeter yoj radar tseem muaj peev xwm. Cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm GaoGong Intelligent Vehicle Research Institute kwv yees tias millimeter nthwv dej radar nqa tus nqi ntawm cov tsheb tshiab hauv kev lag luam hauv tsev L2 ntxiv thiab siab dua yuav tsum tshaj 50 feem pua hauv 2025.
Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, 4D millimeter nthwv dej radar yuav tsum mus txog xyoo 2023 nqa ntim muaj lub sijhawm ntau tshaj li ib lab, mus rau 2025 suav rau qhov feem pua ntawm tag nrho rau pem hauv ntej millimeter yoj radar yuav tsum tshaj 40 feem pua.
Thaum kawg, leej twg tuaj yeem ua tau "lub ntiaj teb txaus siab"? Qhov no yog ib lo lus nug uas nthuav heev. Txhais nrog www.DeepL.com/Translator (dawb version)
